Friday, May 27, 2011

Consequences of Stress On Children's Development: Poverty and Hunger



“Kvonya, there is this one student. I mean, If the classroom is quiet enough, the other students can hear the [shrill] growling sound within his stomach. Can you imagine how embarrassing that must be”, declared my sister-in-law, Charlotte. Charlotte is an elementary art teacher. She told me of a particular young boy named Anthony whom she had as a student in her art class several years back.  She said that Anthony was often teased in class about his clothing. His clothes were ragged and his uniform pants seemed to be worn repeatedly, without wash, more often than not. She said that the constant teasing had an effect on his work ethic and his confidence. He rarely wanted to participate in class discussions or assignments for fear of being taunted. She didn't know Anthony’s family background that well, but she, along with everyone else knew that his family was poverty stricken. His mother was unemployed, and therefore there was no set annual income. His family lived in one of the most frowned upon parts of town nicknamed “Soy Bean City”.  She went on to explain, “His shoes had holes in them and the rubber soles were almost nonexistent.” “I just had to intervene,” she said solemnly.  So she met with the school social worker and sat down and talked to Anthony about his personal life and how things were at home.  He mentioned that his mother had no job and he wondered sometimes how they even got the few meals that they did have. The social worker visited Anthony’s place of residence and met with his mother. Upon arrival, she noticed that they had almost no furniture within the house. She even noted that there was nothing more than a loaf of bread within the roach infested refrigerator. In the end, Charlotte went to God. She tells me that she prayed and prayed and even brought the matter to her church. After some time, things came through. Her church supplied Anthony’s mother, Sheila, with the money she needed to pay utilities and even get groceries. One of the deacons at her church gave Sheila a job as a receptionist at his construction company and the opportunity to become a tenant in a house that wasn't located in “Soy Bean City”.
These problems exist, at a higher degree, in other parts of the world. My region of interest was Sudan. I recently read an article entitled “Fleeing residents flood Sudan town; food scarce” In this article, several stressors are touched, including poverty, hunger, war, etc. Ayak Adiang, a woman who opened her home to villagers running from violence, stated, “Food and fuel are running short. There is not nearly enough shelter…….with two relatives and a dozen children between them……there is no food…we have to face the fact [that]….what we have is not enough.” This may be impacting the children in that region in an immense way. The overcrowded homes and the fact that there is barely enough food to pass around profoundly weighs on the child’s growth and mental health. Luckily, efforts are being made to combat against these problems. The United Nations has set up a food distribution camp in Turalei, Sudan to help families like Ayak’s and Anthony’s.

Thursday, May 12, 2011

Child Development and Public Health

Breastfeeding I chose this public health topic because I got a chance to feel the importance of breastfeeding upon the premature birth of my daughter. I remember the first time I saw her I thought oh how tiny she is. She weighted in at just under 4lbs and I was almost in my eight month of pregnancy. She was about 17 and half inches long (short). She literally could fit in the palm of my hand. I decided to breastfeed because the nurses and doctor encouraged me to. They explained it would help her gain weight, provide her with the best nutrition and other thing to assist her with a healthy development.  Prior to this I was one of those people who thought formula was the answer in fact I did not breastfeed my son who was born 3 years prior.      
In Spain they are understanding and sympathetic to the need of breastfeeding.  They past a law in October 2010 allowing father breastfeeding leave. The ruling grants Spanish dads the same rights as the mother of their child to leave work up to twice a day for a total of an hour or to shorten their workday by 30 minutes for the first nine months of the baby's life.
In the future I will continue as I do now encourage expecting mothers to breastfeed their children. I also will inform them of the benefits to breastfeeding.  

Thursday, May 5, 2011

Childbirth––In Your Life and Around the World

Since I have never really taken part in a birth other than the two times I delivered. I will discuss my first delivery. On Sept, 5, 2001, I went to a routine checkup with my OB. Immediately after checking my vitals the nurse discovered that my blood pressure was up. I was one day from being 38 weeks along. The doctor examined me and determined that it was best for him to admit me into the hospital. This was a completely new experience for me. I had just gotten married five weeks prior. I was at the doctor’s office by myself and I really didn’t know the dangerous that my baby or I was in.. I remember the first person I called was my grandmother. I remember telling her that I was going to pick my husband up first because I didn’t want to go to the hospital alone. As I think about it right now it is so funny. She was like if your blood pressure is up go on to the hospital and let him meet you there.  So my grandmother sent my sister to my husband’s job to let him know that I was on way to the hospital. I went to the hospital but I waited for them in the parking lot of the hospital. Once they arrived we entered the hospital and life as I had known it changed forever.

My doctor had ordered several tests including an ultrasound. So immediately I was taking this procedure and that procedure and so on. Finally, I am in the labor room the nurse starts my IV. She explained that do to my blood pressure the doctor had given them orders to induce my labor. Again I really did know what this entailed. But I did know that I hadn’t eaten since breakfast that morning and I was starving. Little did I know I wasn’t going to get anything to eat anytime soon either.  Now is the hurry up and wait game.  A couple hours passed it now about five o’clock in the evening.  The nurse checks me and I not in any pain it appears that medicine isn’t progressing my labor fast enough for my blood pressure. I might have forgotten to mention that I had no signs or indicator that my pressure was up other than the fact that the blood pressure monitor kept indicating my pressure was up. So the nurse tells us that she has to call the doctor. When she came back in the room she stated that he had changed my medicine and he was going to use protocin to induce my labor and my pains would probably hurt much worse than if I  was allowed  to progress on my own. So here we go wait some more. This time I started having a few pains.  I really can’t  remember what happen to start the next event. But for some reason when I was admitted and given the ultrasound who ever was supposed to read didn’t because all of a sudden they stop the protocin drip. The nurse said that my baby was breached so the doctor would have to make the decision on the best delivery method. Now I am in pain for nothing because the doctor wants to do a cesarean section because of the breach. Needlessly to say now I am hungry, in pain and totally uncomfortable.

It is now September 6, 2001 the doctor comes in and tells me that he wasn’t aware of the breach right away. He explains the risk and benefit to the procedure he doing. He told me that I could be awake for the birth and my husband could be in the room with me. He ordered a spinal tap for the procedure. Then they allowed my husband to come in the room with me and all those other people (doctors and nurses). I would have to say that within minutes of starting the procedure my baby was born.. He didn’t cry right away but he alright and healthy.

On the other hand the spinal block wore off  me before he could sew me back up. So now I am in extreme pain. I heard the doctor tell the other doctor to put me to sleep because I could feel him. I am told my blood pressure went way up. My husband had gone to the nursery with my son. According to the reports, I was in recovered for a  while because they were trying to get my blood pressure down. However the crisis was over and few days later we left to the hospital to go and start a new world of first.

I chose to discuss this birth because it was my first. The article below discusses birth in Spain. It states that it different from the US but I think they use some of the same techniques used in the US. Especially as they discuss all the staff member in the room with you.  I am glad that in the US the medication and procedure used are explained I couldn't imagine going through something like this without being informed of what is going on and what to expect.

What to expect from giving birth in AndalucĂ­a
Giving birth in Spain is not quite like doing so in the US. To begin with, there is far less emphasis on patient involvement in the process - at least at public centers. If you go this route, expect decisions to be made for you and expect to be told what to do and when to do it.
Most private centers and some state centers will offer anesthesia. However, you may or may not receive some explanation regarding the type of anesthesia used. And, beware, that in state centers, the doses of pain reliever used in epidurals are often so low they will barely provide any relief. For this reason, many choose to have a natural birth rather than take the risks involved with anesthesia.
While you might have the good fortune of having your own, personal doctor deliver your baby at a public centre, and this is not the case at state hospitals. You will be attended by the doctor or midwife on duty. In the case of the latter, a qualified specialist will be on duty should an emergency occur.
As preparation for birth, Spanish health care workers typically administer an enema and some centers might still require shaving. It is becoming more and more standard to allow fathers to be present during the birth. Also expect quite a number of staff to be present and don't be surprised if someone offers to "help" the baby out by throwing their weight on your belly.

After reading this article and thinking about my own births I am glad to be a United States citizen.

Reference:

Living in Andalucia birth procedures (n.d.).Retrieved from http://www.andalucia.com/living/birthprocedures.htm